Epilepsy due to structural or metabolic conditions or diseases

Description

Epilepsy occurring in relation to a distinct other structural or metabolic condition or disease that has been demonstrated to be associated with a substantially increased risk of developing epilepsy. [1]

Subcategories

• 8A60.0 Epilepsy due to prenatal or perinatal brain insults

  Epilepsy occurring in relation to a distinct structural or metabolic condition or disease that has been demonstrated to be associated with a substantially increased risk of developing epilepsy, with the insult occurring before birth [prenatal] or between 22 weeks of gestation and 7 days after birth. Onset of epilepsy may be in infancy, childhood, or adulthood. [1]

• 8A60.1 Epilepsy due to cerebrovascular disorders

  Epilepsy occurring in relation to a stroke, with onset at least one week following an ischemic or haemorrhagic stroke. [1]

• 8A60.2 Epilepsy due to degenerative brain disorders

  Epilepsy in relation to a degenerative brain disorder known to be associated with seizures, such as certain neuronal storage disorders (e.g. adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis), and certain mitochondrial disorders. [1]

• 8A60.3 Epilepsy due to dementias

  Epilepsy with onset in a patient with established diagnosis of dementia. Seizures may occur at any time after the disease onset. Focal onset seizures are the prevailing type in Alzheimer’s disease while seizures with bilateral convulsive activity predominate in other dementing disorders. Myoclonus is another common finding in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. [1]

• 8A60.4 Epilepsy due to central nervous system infections or infestations

  Epilepsy with onset in a patient with a documented CNS infection or infestation after the acute phase of the disease. [1]

• 8A60.5 Epilepsy due to injuries to the head

  Epilepsy occurring in relation to a traumatic brain injury. Onset is more than 1 week following the trauma, with risk increasing with the severity of brain injury. [1]

• 8A60.6 Epilepsy due to tumours of the nervous system

  Epilepsy occurring in relation to intracranial tumours. The epilepsy may be the presenting symptom of the tumour, which is located within or affects the cerebral cortex. The tumour may be a primary intracranial tumour or a metastatic tumour. [1]

• 8A60.7 Epilepsy with mesial temporal sclerosis

  Epilepsy associated with imaging and/or pathologic findings of mesial temporal sclerosis. Onset of epilepsy may be in childhood or adulthood. A history of prolonged febrile seizures is common. [1]

• 8A60.8 Epilepsy due to immune disorders

  Epilepsy in relation to immunological or autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus [1], inflammatory bowel disease [2], and antibody associated encephalitis (e.g. NMDA receptors) [3]. Antibody associated encephalitis is often a limbic encephalitis, and is sometimes paraneoplastic. Excludes multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disorders. [1]

• 8A60.9 Epilepsy due to abnormalities of brain development

  Epilepsy due to disorders of cortical development encompassing a wide range of etiologies, with effects that depend on the stage of brain development. Seizure types usually reflect the topology of the malformation. [1]

• 8A60.A Epilepsy due to genetic syndromes with widespread or progressive effects

  Epilepsy due to genetically determined conditions in which, as we currently understand it, there is a separate disorder interposed between the genetic defect and the epilepsy, for example, as in tuberous sclerosis. Includes epilepsy due to documented autosomal, X-linked, mitochondrial or chromosomal abnormalities. [1]

• 8A60.B Epilepsy due to multiple sclerosis or other demyelinating disorders

  Epilepsy with onset in a patient with established diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) or other demyelinating disorder. Seizures must occur during the disease course, but not in close temporal relationship with an acute phase. The duration of MS symptoms prior to first seizure is generally several years. [1]

References

1. World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (ICD-11 MMS), 2026-01 release. World Health Organization; 2026.

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